The International Zinc Trade Ken Hewitt and Keith Patten ISBN 1-88573-044-8 US$95.00 214 Pages Order This Book

Although zinc does not possess the glamor or attention of other metals such as gold and copper, it is still an important metal. It is, for example, an essential element to most living organisms, promoting normal growth in mammals and providing an essential nutrient for many plants. The history of zinc spans many centuries. It was known to be in use by 20 BC as an element in brass used by the Romans in colnage.

The authors provide a comprehensive review of the zinc industry, covering its history, characteristics, extraction, properties, standards, applications and scrap. The structure and conduct of the market, prices and pricing are reviewed. Environmental considerations are also examined as are future trends and prospects for the industry.

The International Zinc Trade provides an essential and complete guide to consumers, producers, traders and investors alike, producing an easy explanation of aspects of the industry which influence its overall performance.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: History The discovery of brass Zinc oxide The eventual production of metallic zinc The improvement of production processes Growth in the use of zinc Recycling zinc Marketing and regulations Chapter 2: Industry Characteristics Introduction Terminology The overall picture Zinc statistics and their quality Stockpiles Zinc and the developed countries Sensitivity to disruptions Seasonality The zinc cycle The effect of the economic cycle Chapter 3: Occurrence Formation of mineral deposits Mineral formation Classification of deposits Types of minerals Reserves Chapter 4: Exploration Discovery Evaluation Metallurgy Chapter 5: Mining and Concentration Mining Concentration Chapter 6: Extraction and Refining Introduction Roasting Pyrometallurgical processes Electrolytic refining New developments Output by process Zinc process choice Chapter 7: Properties Physical properties Mechanical properties Chemical properties Electrical properties Metallorgraphic properties Toxicology Essentiality Chapter 8: Grades, Shapes and Standards Grades Shapes Standards Chapter 9: Applications Copper-base alloys Wrought zinc Corriosion protection of steel Zinc-base alloys Zinc chemicals Miscellaneous uses Consumption of slab zinc by application Chapter 10: By-products Cadmium Sulphuric acid Other trace elements

Chapter 11: Residues and Scrap Terminology Residues Process scrap Conclusion Chapter 12: The Structure of the Market Introduction Mining-ores and concentrates Zinc metal Zinc residues The merchants Trading centers The London Metal Exchange (LME) Chapter 13: The Zinc Price Introduction Zinc prices to 1989 The end of zinc producer prices Chapter 14: Conduct of the Market Zinc pricing Trading and the use of the LME Chapter 15: Shipping Ores Concentrates Zinc metal Products Residues Chapter 16: Finance Exploration and mine development Smelting Consumers Secondary zinc Traders Miscellaneous uses London Metal Exchange Chapter 17: The Role of Governments Licenses Equity Industry support Husbanding resources Trading Anti-trust Trade agreements and duties Licenses and exchange controls Environment Chapter 18: Organizations Serving the Industry Introduction International Lead and Zinc Study Group Non-ferrous metals and ming associations European Zinc Institute Market development associations Research associations Data and review Organizations Chapter 19: Environemtnal Considerations The environment Health and awareness Internal controls at work External controls National practices The spread of legislation Chapter 20: Future Trends External influences Demand Supply Technology Marketing

About the Authors

Ken Hewitt has spent many years in the zinc industry. After obtaining a degree from London University in 1954 he has since worked for ICI Metal Division (now IMI), William Blyth &Co., Ltd. and Imperial Smelting Corporation at Avonmouth. In 1980 he successfully established Norzink (UK) Ltd., in Birmingham, and continues as Managing Director today. Ken Hewitt is also a member of the councils of the Zinc Development Association and Cadmium Association.

Keith Patten has spent over 30 years working in the zinc industry. Starting at the Avonmouth zinc smelter in 1960, he then joined Henry Gardner & Co., Ltd. as technical representative supporting Cominco's zinc sales in the UK and in the capacity of Managing Director between 1982-1989. Currently Keith Patten is operating his own consultancy company within the metal industry and is also Managing Director of Zinteg Alloys, Ltd. He is a fellow of the Institute of Metals.