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Kabushiki Kaisha (KK)

(Japan) Designation for a joint stock company with limited personal liability to shareholders.

karbovanet

The currency of Ukraine. The abbreviation is Uak. No subcurrency is in use.

keelage

(shipping) The charges paid by a ship entering or remaining in certain ports.

Keidanren

(Japan) Keidanren (the Japanese Federation of Economic Organizations) was established in 1946 as a private, non-profit economic organization representing virtually all branches of economic activity in Japan. Address: Japan Federation of Economic Organizations (Keidanren), 9-4, Otemachi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan; Tel: [81] (3) 3279-1444; Fax: [81] (3) 5255-6250.

keiretsu

(Japan) Keiretsu refers to the horizontally and vertically linked industrial structure of post-war Japan. The horizontally linked groups include a broad range of industries linked via banks and general trading firms. There are eight major industrial groups, sometimes referred to as "Kigyo Shudan": Mitsubishi, Mitsui, Sumitomo, Fuyo, DKB, Sanwa, Tokai, and IBJ. The vertically linked groups (such as Toyota, Matshushita, and Sony) are centered around parent companies, with subsidiaries frequently serving as suppliers, distributors, and retail outlets. Common characteristics among the groups include crossholding of company shares, intra-group financing, joint investment, mutual appointment of officers, and other joint business activities. The keiretsu system emphasizes mutual cooperation and protects affiliates from mergers and acquisitions. Ties within groups became looser after the oil shocks of the 1970s as a result of decreasing dependence on banks for capital.

key currency

(foreign exchange) A major currency in the global economy. Small countries, which are highly dependent on exports, orientate their exchange rate to major currencies in the global economy, the so-called key currencies. Key currencies include the U.S. dollar, the British pound sterling, the German mark, the Swiss franc, the French franc, the Dutch gilder, the Japanese yen and the Canadian dollar.

kilogram

(measure) A unit of mass or weight measure equal to 2.2046 lbs. Abbreviated as k, K, KS, kg, KG, kgs, or KGS.

kilo ton (metric ton)

(measure) A unit of mass or weight measure equal to 2,204.6 pounds.

kina

The currency of Papua New Guinea. 1K=1 toea.

kind or quality

See drawback--refund of duties.

kip

The currency of Laos. 1K=100 at.

kiwi bond

(banking/finance) Bond issued in New Zealand dollars on the New Zealand market by non New Zealand borrowers.

knocked down (K.D.)

An article taken apart and folded or telescoped in such a manner as to reduce its bulk at least 66 2/3 percent from its normal shipping cubage when set up or assembled.

knot

(measure) A unit of measurement of speed of a vessel in water or an airplane in air equal to one nautical mile (6082.66 feet) per hour.

known loss

(shipping/insurance) A loss discovered before or at the time of delivery of a shipment.

Kokusai Denshin Denwa

(Japan) The Kokusai Denshin Denwa Company, KDD, was established in 1953 but traces its history back to 1871 and the establishment of its predecessor organizations. For more than a century, the company was Japan's sole supplier of international telecommunications services and today remains Japan's leading international carrier. KDD is Japan's signatory to INTELSAT and INMARSAT.

Kommanditgesellschaft (KG)

(Austria, Germany, Switzerland) Designation for a limited partnership in which at least one of the partners has general liability and at least one of the other partners has limited liability.

Kommanditselskab (K/S)

(Denmark) Designation for a limited partnership in which at least one of the partners has general liability and at least one of the other partners has limited liability.

koruna

The currency of the Czech and the Slovak Republics. 1Kcs=100 halers.

krona

The currency of:

Iceland, 1IKr=100 aurar;

Sweden, 1SKr=100 öre.

krone

The currency of:

Denmark, 1DKr=100 öre;

Norway, 1NKr=100 öre;

Greenland (see Denmark).

kroon

The currency of Estonia. 1Eek=100 senti.

kwacha

The currency of:

Malawi, 1MK=100 tambala;

Zambia, 1K=100 ngwee.

kwanza

The currency of Angola. 1Kz=100 lwei.

kyat

The currency of Myanmar (Burma). 1K=100 pyas.


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